Human-Impact Gradients through Anthropogenic Pollen Indicators in a Mediterranean Mosaic Landscape (Balearic Islands)

This paper proposes new anthropogenic pollen indicators for the Balearic Islands and attempts to assess gradients of human impact on vegetation in Mediterranean islands. A combination modern analogue studies, complemented by phytosociological descriptions ordination techniques using quantitative presence/absence data was used. Redundancy analysis allowed us evaluate relationships between types significant environmental variables propose regional (e.g., Centaurea, Rubus, Plantago lanceolata-t) local/microregional Cerealia, Poygonum aviculare, Matricaria-t). Additionally, an index score (AIS) each sampled location calculated correlate type a specific degree impact: (a) low Cerastium-t, Erica arborea-t, Cistus albidus), (b) moderate (e.g, Sinapis-t, Sanguisorba minor-t, bellardii-t), (c) high Papaveraceae undiff., Dipsacaceae, Secale-t). contributes further understanding land-use dynamics defining impact, which is especially necessary colonization anthropization rhythms island environments.